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hadith terminology
Hadith terminology ((アラビア語:مُصْطَلَحُ الحَدِيْث)) ''muṣṭalaḥ al-ḥadīth'') is the body of terminology in Islam which specifies the acceptability of the sayings (''hadith'') attributed to the prophet Muhammad and other early Islamic figures of significance, such as Muhammad's family and/or successors. Individual terms distinguish between those ''hadith'' considered rightfully attributed to their source or detail the faults of those of dubious provenance. Formally, it has been defined by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani as: "knowledge of the principles by which the condition of the narrator and the narrated are determined." This page comprises the primary terminology used within ''hadith'' studies.
== Terminology relating to the authenticity of a ''hadith'' ==
Ibn al-Salah said, "A ''hadith'', according to its specialists, is divided into ''ṣaḥīḥ'' ("authentic"), ''ḥasan'' and ''ḍaʻīf''."〔''Muqadimah Ibn al-Salah'', by Ibn al-Salah, along with ''Muhasin al-Istilah'' by al-Bulqini, edited by 'Aishah bint 'Abd al-Rahman, pg. 101, ''Dar al-Ma'arif'', Cairo.〕 While the individual terms of ''hadith'' terminology are many, many more than these three terms, the final outcome is essentially determining whether a particular ''hadith'' is ''ṣaḥīḥ'' and, therefore, actionable, or ''ḍaʻīf'' and not actionable. This is evidenced by al-Bulqini's commentary on Ibn al-Salah's statement. Al-Bulqini commented that "the terminology of the ''hadith'' specialists is more than this, while, at the same time, is only ''ṣaḥīḥ'' and its opposite. Perhaps what has been intended by the latter categorization (i.e. into two categories) relates to standards of religious authority, or lack of it, in general, and what will be mentioned afterwards (i.e. the sixty-five categories) is a specification of that generality."〔
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